Combined hand contaminant and user Identification System

ABSTRACT

A user identification and contaminant detection system for a portable computer with the computer having a camera, an integral screen and central processing unit (CPU; a. an enclosure having at least one grasper disposed for coupling the system to the portable computer; b. a light emitter capable of generating light of with least one excitation wavelength for a contaminant present in its output spectrum with output of the emitter oriented into the field of view of the camera; c. electronic communication between the computer and the emitter; c. software loaded onto the computer capable of (1) activating the emitter, (2) comparing a scene recorded by the camera to at least one emission wavelength for the specific contaminant corresponding to the excitation wavelength, and (3) displaying an output on the computer&#39;s screen corresponding to the areas within the camera&#39;s field of view where the contaminant is present in amounts greater than a detection threshold, and (4) using the output of the camera to determine the identity of a user by their hand shape.

PRIORITY

The present application claims priority to provisional application No.62/569,949 filed on Oct. 9, 2017, nonprovisional application Ser. No.16/155,338 filed Oct. 9, 2018, and PCT Application number PCT/US18/55015all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments of the technology relate, in general, to visible lightfluorescent spectroscopy technology, and in particular to the use ofvisible light fluorescent technology in combination with hand shapeidentification as a tool for effectively managing hand sanitation amonga workforce.

In the disclosure that follows, the words “contaminant” and “pathogen”are used generally interchangeably as they are understood in at leastthe medical, agriculture, food processing, and food service industrieswith the broadest applicable meaning being afforded to their usage.Persons of ordinary skill in those fields will appreciate that not allcontaminants, including those listed below are strictly pathogenic ordisease-causing.

SUMMARY

According to certain embodiments of the present disclosure, acontaminant detection system for a portable computer with the computerhaving a camera, an integral screen and central processing unit (CPU)includes; a. an enclosure having at least one grasping element disposedthereupon sized and shaped mechanically couple the system to theexterior of the portable computer; b. a light emitter capable ofgenerating light of with least one excitation wavelength for a specificcontaminant present in its output spectrum with output of the emitteroriented into the field of view of the camera; c. electroniccommunication between the computer and the emitter; c. software loadedonto the computer capable of (1) activating the emitter, (2) comparing ascene recorded by the camera to at least one emission wavelength for thespecific contaminant corresponding to the excitation wavelength, and (3)displaying an output on the computer's screen corresponding to the areaswithin the camera's field of view where excitation wavelength is presentin amounts greater than a detection threshold.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the camerais distinct from the computer.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the softwaredisplays upon the screen a continuously updated view of a portion of thecamera's field of view with the areas where the excitation wavelength isdetected in amounts greater than the emission threshold highlightedrelative to the remainder of the camera's field of view.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, there is anon-contact thermometer aimed into the camera's field of view forsimultaneously recording the temperature of the surface being imaged andcapable of discerning whether a user has washed his hands with warmwater.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, thecontaminant is one of the following; mucus having an excitationwavelength of 415 nm and emission wavelength of 555 nm, blood havingexcitation wavelengths of 395, 417, and 435 nm and an absence ofemissions at the excitation wavelengths, peanut oil having an excitationwavelength of 360 nm and primary emission wavelength of 428 nm andsmaller emission wavelength of 675 nm, peanut skin having an excitationwavelength of 330 nm flattening absorption near 430 nm in place of anemission wavelength, gluten having an excitation wavelength of 1150-1550nm and emission wavelength of 1200 and 1425 nm, milk having anexcitation wavelength from 800-1100 nm and detectable absorption at 930and 970 nm, spores having an excitation wavelength of 370 nm and aemission wavelength between 450 and 500 nm, pollen having an excitationwavelength of 370 nm and a emission wavelength at 420 nm, 465 nm, and560 nm, grass pollen having an excitation wavelength of 370 nm and aemission wavelength at 675-680 nm, Candida having an excitationwavelength of 460 nm and a emission wavelength of 530, aflatoxin havingan excitation wavelength at 370 and emission wavelength at 428, 415, and450-500 nm, saliva having an excitation wavelength at 282 nm and aemission wavelength at 345-355 nm, dark hair having an excitationwavelength of 290 and 366 nm and emission wavelengths of 434 and 433 nm,light hair having an excitation wavelength of 292 and 378 nm andemission wavelength of 448 and 337 nm, Aspergillus niger indicative ofspoilage having an excitation wavelength of 410 nm and an emissionwavelength of 500 nm, and fecal contamination having an excitationwavelength of 420 nm and emission wavelengths of 675 and 635 nm.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, thecontaminant is one of the following, nail having excitation wavelengthsof 294 and 378 nm and emission wavelengths of 355 and 452 nm, outerlayer skin having excitation wavelengths of 290 nm and 370 nm andemission wavelengths of 355 and 452 nm, pig skin having excitationwavelengths of 290 and 324 nm and emission wavelengths of 355 and 392nm, sheep skin having excitation wavelengths of 292 and 370 nm andemission wavelengths of 351 and 453 nm, goat skin having excitationwavelengths of 292 and 370 nm and emission wavelengths of 345 and 450nm, cow skin having an excitation wavelength of 290 nm and emissionwavelength of 343 nm, collagen having an excitation wavelength of 342 nmand emission wavelengths of 392 nm for type 1 collagen and 390 nm fortype 2 collagen, human skin having excitation wavelengths of 290 nm and378 nm and emission wavelengths of 350 and 466 nm, Pseudomonas having anexcitation wavelength of 405 nm and emission wavelengths of 390 and455-475 nm.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, theenclosure has an optical filter placed in the field of view of thecamera, with the optical filter being selected to pass the emissionwavelength of the specific contaminant.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the softwarecorrelates specific locations and types of contamination within itsfield of view with specific remediation recommendations which are shownupon the display. For instance, if a user has contamination beneath hisfingernails, in the bends of the fingers, etc., the software recommendshand washing procedures that place additional focus on the problemareas.

According to certain embodiments of the present disclosure, a hardwareand software system for managing hand hygiene, the system includes; afirst enclosure having a central processing unit (CPU), a camera, acamera filter disposed in front of the camera selected to pass aemission wavelength for the specific contaminant, a light emitterselected to generate an excitation wavelength for a given contaminant, aflow sensor selected from one of a microphone, interruptible line ofsight sensor, mechanical switch, hall effect sensor, or mechanical flowsensor, and a feedback device selected from one of a screen, LED,speaker, or buzzer, wherein the CPU has software residing thereuponconfigured to perform the steps of (1) reading the output of the flowsensor to detect nearby air or fluid flow and upon such detection, (2)activating the emitter and (3) analyzing the output of the camera forthe presence of light emissions corresponding to the specificcontaminant beyond a detection threshold, and (4) activating thefeedback device to communicate the result of the analysis step to auser.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, after thereading step, the CPU activates the feedback device to communicate tothe user that a scan must be performed.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, there is anidentification device selected from one of a wireless beacon, NFC tag,RFID tag, BLE tag, Bluetooth device, barcode, or other device readableby the CPU presented by the user with which the CPU can correlate theresults of the analyzing step to the identity of the user.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the systemhas a non-contact thermometer directed into the field of view of thecamera and in electronic communication with the CPU, whereby anadditional element of the analyzing step is measuring the temperature ofthe surface or object being imaged.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, after theanalyzing step, the feedback device is used to provide guidance to theuser based on the nature and location of the contaminant found in theanalyzing step.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the datafrom the analyzing step is communicated to a third party server whichrates businesses.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the detectedfluid flow is in a nearby toilet, sink, towel dispenser, hand dryer,soap dispenser, or disinfectant dispenser.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the feedbackdevice is disposed in a separate room from the camera.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the softwareprocess is initiated by a change in state of a proximity sensor.

According to certain embodiments of the present disclosure, a handdrying and contaminant detection system is disclosed, the systemincluding; a digital camera, a light emitter having an outputcorresponding to the excitation wavelength for a specific contaminant, adrying apparatus selected from one of a towel dispenser or air blower, afeedback device selected from one of a screen, indicator light, speaker,or buzzer, a central processing unit (CPU) in communication with thecamera, emitter, and feedback device, and an enclosure within which theaforementioned components are mounted; with the CPU having softwareresiding thereupon which (a) activates the emitter to illuminate auser's hands, (b) evaluates the scene recorded by the camera todetermine whether the amount of the emission wavelength for the specificcontaminant exceeds a pre-determined threshold, and (c) signaling thefeedback device to communicate the result of its evaluation to the user.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the dryingapparatus is in electronic communication with the CPU such that theprocess of activating, evaluating, and signaling is initiated byinteraction of the user with the drying apparatus.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, there is anidentification device selected from one of a RFID receiver, Bluetoothreceiver, BLE receiver, barcode scanner, or the system's camera incommunication with the CPU to perform the additional step of pairing theresult of the evaluating step with a user's identity as determined bythe identification device reading the value a correspondingidentification tag provided by the user.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present disclosure will be more readily understood from a detaileddescription of some example embodiments taken in conjunction with thefollowing figures:

FIG. 1 depicts an example of a camera feature of a computing systemaccording to one embodiment.

FIG. 2 depicts an example of a light feature of a computing systemaccording to one embodiment.

FIGS. 3-6 depict example software interface flow diagrams that canintegrate with a hardware system.

FIGS. 7-8 depict example flow diagrams associated with technology toautomatically display live video preview and recording.

FIGS. 9-11 depict embodiments associated with automatically capturingand storing images of a specific threshold.

FIG. 12 depicts a hardware snap-on device according to one embodiment.

FIG. 13 depicts an adjustable stand for the device according to oneembodiment.

FIG. 14 depicts a door locking device that can open when an individualsuccessfully indicates clean hands according to one embodiment.

FIG. 15 depicts a wall mounted device according to one embodiment thatcan help ensure appropriate items are placed underneath the device(e.g., hands, equipment, etc.) and have not been contaminated

FIG. 16 depicts a shaded device with handles for portable usage anddetection according to one embodiment.

FIG. 17 depicts a device which integrates with currently used handdrying systems according to one embodiment.

FIG. 18 depicts a casing which can work as an overlay to a conveyor beltor system according to one embodiment.

FIG. 19 depicts a set of shades that can be attached or removed from anycase or system design to increase specificity according to oneembodiment.

FIG. 20 depicts an alternative casing design with a clip on shade toincrease specificity when necessary.

FIG. 21 depicts a system with one or a plurality of cameras that canrotate in combination with a slot that can allow for the ability toinsert objects (e.g., hands or a device) for detection of contaminationfrom a plurality of angles.

FIG. 22 depicts an example user interface flow.

FIG. 23 depicts a perspective view of a pathogen detection systemcoupled to a portable computer.

FIG. 24 depicts a front view of the pathogen detection system of FIG. 23with the portable computer removed.

FIG. 25 depicts a bottom view of the pathogen detection system of FIG.23 with the portable computer removed.

FIG. 26 depicts a rear view of the pathogen detection system of FIG. 23.

FIG. 27 depicts a top perspective view of a pathogen detection systemmounted near a sink.

FIG. 28 depicts a bottom perspective view of the pathogen detectionsystem of FIG. 27.

FIG. 29 depicts a perspective view of a pathogen detection system havingan integrated electric hand dryer.

FIG. 30 depicts a bottom view of the pathogen detection system of FIG.29.

FIG. 31 depicts a perspective view of a pathogen detection system havingan integrated towel dispenser.

FIG. 32 depicts a bottom view of the pathogen detection system of FIG.31.

FIG. 33 depicts a front view of a pathogen detection systemincorporating a push-style door handle.

FIG. 34 depicts a perspective view of a pathogen detection systemincorporating a lever-style door handle.

FIG. 35 depicts a top perspective view of a identifying scanner.

FIG. 36 depicts a bottom perspective view of an identifying scanner.

FIG. 37 depicts a flow chart of a hand identification subroutine.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure will now bedescribed to provide an overall understanding of the principles of thestructure, function, and use of the proficiency tracking systems andprocesses disclosed herein. One or more examples of these non-limitingembodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Those ofordinary skill in the art will understand that systems and methodsspecifically described herein and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings are non-limiting embodiments. The features illustrated ordescribed in connection with one non-limiting embodiment may be combinedwith the features of other non-limiting embodiments. Such modificationsand variations are intended to be included within the scope of thepresent disclosure.

Reference throughout the specification to “various embodiments,” “someembodiments,” “one embodiment,” “some example embodiments,” “one exampleembodiment,” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature,structure, or characteristic described in connection with any embodimentis included in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases“in various embodiments,” “in some embodiments,” “in one embodiment,”“some example embodiments,” “one example embodiment,” or “in anembodiment” in places throughout the specification are not necessarilyall referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particularfeatures, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitablemanner in one or more embodiments.

Described herein are example embodiments of systems and methods fordetermining contamination in the form of fecal matter as an indicator offoodborne illness and pathogenic bacteria. Example systems can includeincorporation of a mobile device, a software based algorithmincorporating specific wavelengths and excitation levels for detectingthe contamination, and a hardware system that can incorporate thoseelements. The mobile device can integrate with the hardware system toaccomplish the detection and conveying of contamination to the user.

The examples discussed herein are examples only and are provided toassist in the explanation of the apparatuses, devices, systems andmethods described herein. None of the features or components shown inthe drawings or discussed below should be taken as mandatory for anyspecific implementation of any of these the apparatuses, devices,systems or methods unless specifically designated as mandatory. For easeof reading and clarity, certain components, modules, or methods may bedescribed solely in connection with a specific figure. Any failure tospecifically describe a combination or sub-combination of componentsshould not be understood as an indication that any combination orsub-combination is not possible. Also, for any methods described,regardless of whether the method is described in conjunction with a flowdiagram, it should be understood that unless otherwise specified orrequired by context, any explicit or implicit ordering of stepsperformed in the execution of a method does not imply that those stepsmust be performed in the order presented but instead may be performed ina different order or in parallel.

Example embodiments described herein can indicates the presence ofpathogenic bacteria by using visible light fluorescent spectroscopy todetect multiple enzymes native to the human gastrointestinal tract.These function effectively as an indicator because the four most commontypes of bacteria causing foodborne illness (Salmonella, Norovirus,Campylobacter, and E. coli) are all spread through fecal contamination.In detecting fecal contamination, example embodiments can decrease thespread of these pathogenic bacteria. Such systems can be used tostreamline employee sanitation in the workplace and be used as a part ofquality control in evaluating the health and safety regulationcompliance of an establishment. Additionally, or alternatively, thisdevice could be used to prevent the spread of illness in other locationsand use cases: for example schools, emergency response vehicles,cafeterias, grocery stores, nursing homes, hospitals, or anywhere thatcontamination is possible by an individual or group of individuals notproperly washing their hands.

A hardware and software based contamination detection computer systemcan execute software for the device, as described in more detail below.The mobile based tablet, phone, or computer system can run on anysuitable computing system, such as a dedicated server, a user computeror server, multiple computers, a collection of networked computers, acloud-based computer system, a web-based computer system, or from astorage device, for example. One or multiple processing units, such ascentral processing units and/or graphics processing units, may performinstructions stored in memory to execute the processes described herein.

A hardware and software based contamination detection computer system inaccordance with the present disclosure can be accessed via any suitabletechnique, such as a web-browser such as SAFARI, OPERA, GOOGLE CHROME,INTERNET EXPLORER, or the like executing on a client device. In someembodiments, the systems and methods described herein can be a web-basedapplication, mobile-based application, or a stand-alone executable.Additionally, in some embodiments, the systems and methods describedherein can integrate with various types of mobile systems, such asAndroid, 10S, web based applications, and the like. Any suitable clientdevice can be used to access, or execute, the computing system, such aslaptop computers, desktop computers, smart phones, tablet computers,gaming system, and the like.

Interaction with the tablet or device may include, without limitation,keyboard entry, writing from pen, stylus, finger, or the like, with acomputer mouse, or other forms of input (voice recognition, fingerprintrecognition, motion sensor recognition etc.). The user interface forshowing contamination may be presented on a tablet, desktop, phone,board, external screen, or paper. In one embodiment, the user mayinteract with a tablet by writing with a smart pen on normal paper,modified paper, or a hard flat surface of their preference. In thisembodiment, the user may receive real-time feedback, or at least nearreal-time feedback, or may synchronize with a backend database andcomputer system at a later date. The computer system can be a personalcomputer, one or multiple computers in server-type system.

User interaction with the detection system may take place in any of avariety of operational environments, such as a work setting or a homesetting, with one or more users interacting with the system at a giventime.

The device detects for contamination that could lead to foodborneillness using a combination of mobile technology, specifically developedsoftware algorithms, and hardware components related to those algorithmsin combination with visible light fluorescent spectroscopy technologies(FIG. 1 and FIG. 2). The user may need only place their hands, surface,or equipment to be scanned beneath the device, go through the series ofsteps outlined in the user interface, and can immediately receivefeedback as to the presence of contamination—a process which can take,for example, 10 seconds. Embodiments of this system and device canoperate to encourage restaurants, operations, and individuals tooptimize and use the best and most effective measures for evaluatinghand washing available through technology, and not using a cheaperoption that merely satisfies compliance. Embodiments of this device canbe utilized to build on the current protocols within companies to makethem more effective. While all companies have sanitization processes inplace to protect their customers from harmful bacteria, these routines,no matter how elaborate, still leave room for human error,inconsistencies, and deviation from the set system. With a technologybased solution, this device offers the ability to ensure that all arefully complying with standards. For long term feedback system willprovide a log of handwashing/analytics that can be used to improve uponand identify best practices.

The example system described in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 can be further brokendown into the following specific components: 1 or more USB cameras, 1-3100 W LED (specifically with an excitation of 415-420 nm) or a series oflower watt LEDs, Aluminum Heat Sinks to eliminate overheating, thermalCompound Paste for prevention of overheating of the system, batteries topower the system (equivalent to 45 V), a switch or motion detectionsensor for starting the system, an optical lens equivalent to a 676 nmbandpass interference filter, a custom printed phone/tablet case foruser interface and functionality of creating necessary shade for devicespecificity, and a tablet/mobile phone (android or IOS) to manage thesoftware components of the system. In some embodiments, the optical lensis attached directly to the mobile/tablet camera and a USB camera is notrequired as a part of the system. In this instance, the internalmobile/tablet camera in combination with the lens takes the photographwhich is then processed by the software algorithm as described. In someother embodiments, instead of a USB camera a CCD camera is used.

In some embodiments, this device could be used with numerous differentcases to provide additional or alternative functionality to the user.These alternative functionalities are depicted in FIGS. 12 through 21,with details on the functionality of the cases and the alternative usesthey would provide shown above. Some of these examples are integrationwith a hand dryer, a conveyor belt, a door locking system, handheldusage, or wall mounted systems. These designs also include alternativeuses for the hardware components including various amounts and cameraplacements, various amounts and light source placements, and theorientation of the hardware systems as a whole. In some embodiments, thehardware system connects remotely to the software tablet based systemand they can be placed in separate locations or have multiple hardwaresystems reporting back to the cloud based software component.

A more detailed view of the components of the software functionality onthe mobile device that integrate with the specified hardware technologysystem outlined above is shown in FIGS. 3-7. The flow diagrams describedherein may allow the hardware detection tool images to be captured,analyzed, and presented to the user in a way that allows a clearunderstanding of the result of the scan (contamination detected or notdetected) and ability to store the data for future review andpresentation.

The flow diagram of the portion of the software that initiates the linkbetween the hardware components and the application (FIG. 3) is outlinedabove. The software can facilitate the identification of cameras, beginthe display of camera previews at the right dimensions to fit within thescreen, and initiate the scan process once the appropriate signal isreceived. The following components outline the example steps indicatedon the figure above: As the application starts and the screen comesonline, the camera dimensions can be adjusted and a “preview” (what thecamera is seeing) can be displayed on the screen (1). To do this, arequest to the device may be incorporated to allow the application toaccess the device camera. Once completed, the User Interface can displayas designed and the camera image will not be cropped. This step (2-4)may only be used to allow the user to know what the device can see, sothey can properly place the object that will be scanned. It may bereplaced by an outline of the scan area drawn on the device or floor, orby narrowing the field of projected light such that the camera can seeanything in the light. It does not need to be the internal camera forthe device, and can also be done with an external camera. The definingfactor of this camera is that it does not have an optical filter. Anadditional camera with an optical filter (in this case connected by aUSB) can now be connected. This can request user input to select whichcamera is used, and to allow permission for the application to accessthe camera. Once connected, the device can then scan for contamination.This connection may be done automatically, or through a wireless method.It may be done with more than one camera. This camera or cameras canhave optical filters specific to the device wavelength. The user canprovide input to initiate the scanning sequence (5-6). In this case itcan be through pushing a button on the screen of the device, but itcould also be triggering a motion sensor, proximity sensor, or betriggered from a different application through an integration. Once thisinput is received, the device can prepare to record a new scan and thescanning process will begin. This may be required, in one example, toprevent the device from draining its battery by constantly scanning.Once the scan is initiated, instructions can be provided for the user toguide them through the scanning process. In this example (7-8), a visualguide (“overlay”) is displayed to help the user determine where to placetheir hands. Written instructions are also used in the form of toastnotifications. Any combination of written or visual instructions can beused, or a separate “tutorial” section can be designed.

An example flow diagram for the portion of the software that conductsthe scan process is shown in FIG. 4. It can first instruct the userhow/where to position the object, capture photos at the required timesfrom the connected cameras, save the images, then resume the camerapreview. This process can loop until the expected number of photos havebeen taken. The following components outline the example steps indicatedon the figure above: When recording images during the scanning process,photos must be taken near-simultaneously, especially if the images willbe overlaid to indicate the location of the contamination. The process(9-16) for an internal hardware camera and an external cameraintegration is necessary for this overlay to occur. The individual stepsmay vary depending on the specifics of the camera hardware. A device mayuse multiple external cameras, and may not use an internal camera.Before the image is saved, write permissions can be requested from thedevice. After the image is taken, the regular preview screen (if in use)can be immediately resumed. The image and any corresponding relevantinformation about the scan can be saved at this time. In section(19-20), the example scan proceeds to the next step. Depending on theconfiguration of the scan, one or more photos can be taken by eachcamera. In this specific case, images will be taken exactly four times,so this section iterates until the correct number of photos have beentaken. This is not necessary if only one photo is taken by each camera,and can be increased/decreased if the number is different than four. Ifthe threshold has not yet been met, then the application will update thegraphical and written instructions and prepare for the next set ofphotos to be taken.

An example flow diagram for the portion of the software that processesthe images that have been taken in the scan process is shown in FIG. 5.It can convert the format of the images, compare the pixel intensityvalues to the threshold, record pixels which are above the threshold,and then determine if the sample has passed or failed the scan, ether onan overall or pixel-by-pixel level. The following components outline theexample steps indicated on the figure above: The processing portion (22)of the application can enter a waiting period, ensuring that allexpected photos have been successfully saved. Once the applicationsuccessfully recognizes the images are present, it can proceed with theimage processing. This can also be achieved by a delay of adequatelength, or through waiting until all images are saved before beginningany processing. This may be required in one example to ensure thecorrect images are present before processing is attempted. The image(from the camera with the optical filter) can be read by the processingportion (24-26) of the application and can be converted to anappropriate format that it can be compared to a threshold, in this casefrom BGRA to RGB. The threshold can then be run against each pixel inthe image to identify which have brightness levels above the detectionthreshold. This threshold can be run individually on each channel (Red,Green, Blue) or together as an average. Pixels above and below thethreshold can then be marked as such. In this case, they are marked bychanging the color of the pixel. The total number of pixels greater thanthe threshold can then be identified as an indication of if the sample“passed” or “failed” the contamination screening. In this case (27-29),if the total number of pixels above the threshold is above 0 then theyare changed to red, so the regions which have failed can be displayed tothe user. This threshold may trigger “pass” or “fail” to be indicated asstandard images, or as text. Regardless of the method, this step candetermine the decision of pass or fail for the image. Once the pass orfail has been determined, the appropriate action (30-31) can be taken tosave the result. In this case, a pass results in a green check beingoverlaid over the secondary non-processed image while a fail results inred regions being overlaid over the secondary non-processed image. Theoverlay is necessary for the user to be notified of the region of theimage that caused the scan to fail. If only a “pass” or “fail” will bereported, then a post-processed” image does not need to be generated andsaved.

FIG. 6 illustrates the flow diagram for the portion of the examplesoftware that displays the results of the scan to the user, and preparesthe application to begin a new scan. The following components outlinethe steps indicated on the figure above: The primary portion of theapplication can wait until all expected images have been processed andresults have been recorded. Once the application successfully recognizesthe results are present, it can proceed (32) with the result displayprocess. This can also be achieved by a delay of adequate length. Thismay be required, in one embodiment, to ensure the correspondingdecisions are available before result display is attempted. During thiswaiting period, a “processing” image or text can be displayed to theuser. Once all decisions are available, the application can report them(33) to the user. This can be through one single collective“pass”/“fail” or through individual results from each of the imagestaken. In this case, four results are displayed corresponding to thefour images recorded. This is how the immediate user is informed of thetest results. Other solutions might include text messaging, e-mail, oraudible indication of results. While the results are being displayed tothe user, there is also an ability for the application to reset andprepare for a new scan. In this scenario (35), the reset can betriggered by a button on the screen pressed by the user. It can also betriggered by a timer, a period of time without triggering amotion/proximity sensor, or be immediately ready for a new scan with theresults recorded for future viewing. This may be required, in oneexample, to allow the device to prepare for a new scan.

In some embodiments, the software could be configured to show detectionin real time without processing and reporting back to the user. FIG. 7is a flow diagram representing an example process where the softwareallows the user to record each frame from the camera consecutively as avideo. Combined with the flow diagram below, it can record contaminationas seen in real time or substantially real time. FIG. 8 is a flowdiagram which shows the processing performed on each frame of the camerapreview immediately before it is displayed, according to one embodiment,resulting in a live preview showing contamination. When combined withinput from FIG. 7, it can also save each of the frames into a video.

In some embodiments, the software could be configured to have automaticcapture of images above a certain threshold. FIG. 9 is a flow diagramwhich shows the initiation of the link between the hardware componentsand the application, similar to FIG. 3. As soon as the USB camera isidentified, then the processing can begin and the auto-recording cantake place. FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are flow diagrams representing theability to enable the auto-recording of images during a scan. Eachpreview frame from the camera can be processed and “failed” images willbe saved automatically. FIG. 10 includes the preview display and imagesaving sections of that functionality. FIG. 11 includes the image frameprocessing and thresholding that determine which pixels containcontamination and which images should be recorded.

FIG. 22 indicates a sample of the user's ability to interact with thedevice. In this flow, a user would indicate if they were scanning asurface or a hand, and would place the surface or hand underneath thedevice at varying angles to ensure all detection was accomplished. Afterprocessing in less than 10 seconds, the images would display overlaidwith a red “X” or green check mark indicating if the user needed torewash or had sufficiently avoided contamination. This is one example ofa simple user interface, but could be adjusted based on different usecases or installation of the device in different locations.

Referring now to FIGS. 23, 24, 25, and 26 together a pathogen detectionsystem 1000 is shown having a portable computer 1100 removably coupledto a pathogen detection module 1200. Portable computer 1100 has a screen1110 on a first face thereof and a camera 1120 on a second face thereof.There is a CPU disposed within the portable computer running anoperating system and providing connectivity between its associatedcomponents. Examples of portable computers include tablets andtelephones such as Apple Iphone® and Apple Ipad® devices. Pathogendetection module 1200 is a body having a left portion 1210 and a rightportion 1220. There is a set of slides 1230(a and b) coupling the leftand right portions such that the distance therebetween is adjustable.According to certain embodiments of the present disclosure, slides1230(a and b) are tubes friction fit into complementary apertures in theleft and right portions such that a used may adjust the distance betweenthe left and right portions by urging the portions towards or away fromone another. There are respective recesses 1221 and 1211 formed intoright portion 1220 and left portion 1210, with the recesses being sizedand shaped to engage the profile of the portable computer so that whenthe portions are urged against a portable computer as shown in FIG. 23,they firmly grasp the computer therebetween.

Pathogen detection module 1200 includes an aperture 1205 which affordscamera 1120 a view of the scene beyond the module 1200. According tocertain embodiments of the present disclosure, aperture 1210 includes anoptical filter disposed between camera 1120 and the scene, with thefilter being chosen to selectively pass via band-pass, high-pass, orlow-pass the detection (emission) wavelength of the target chosenpathogen or contaminant. There is a bank of LEDs 1222 disposed upon aface of right portion 1220, with the LEDs having an output including theexcitation wavelength for a chosen pathogen or contaminant. LEDs are inelectronic communication with the portable computer, such that softwareoperating on the computer can turn the LEDs on and off as needed for ascan.

A method of using the pathogen detection module 1200 will now bedescribed. Initially, the module 1200 is provided in a first condition,separate from a portable computer as shown in FIG. 24. The user drawsthe left and right portions apart with his hands and inserts a portablecomputer 1100 therebetween, urging the assembly together into aconfiguration as shown in FIG. 23. Upon such urging, a bluetoothtransceiver within the pathogen detection module places itself in a modereceptive to pairing requests. The user then uses the portable computerscreen and user interface to activate complementary software which pairsthe bluetooth transceiver within the portable computer to the bluetoothtransceiver within the pathogen detection module. The software providesa user the ability to initiate a scan upon interaction with the userinterface, including for instance by actuating an on-screen button. Oncethe user initiates a scan, the software provides a choice ofcontaminants to scan for from which the user may select one or moreoptions. The software then activates the LEDs 1222 and reads the inputfrom the camera, using image processing to detect greater than ambientamounts of detection peaks for a given contaminant.

According to certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the array ofLEDs is comprised of multiple LEDs having wavelengths appropriate formultiple pathogens (for instance 4 LEDs having an output of 420 nm forfecal matter, 4 LEDs having an output of 395 for blood, etc.) oralternatively, RGB LEDs whose output spectra may be adjusted. In eithercase, the software energizes the appropriate LEDs or portions of outputspectra for the contaminants selected by the user.

Upon the display is an “augmented” reality type display which shows anoverlay of the contaminated areas upon the normal scene seen by thecamera. Additionally, the software displays a pass/fail grade determinedby the overall amount of contaminant detected in the scene.

Referring now to FIGS. 27 and 28 together, a contaminant detectionsystem 2000 includes a contaminant scanner 2100 disposed near a sink andfaucet 2200. Contaminant scanner 2100 includes a camera 2150, an ledindicator 2110, a microphone 2120, and a proximity sensor 2130. Thereare two banks of LEDS 2140(a) and (b) whose output is chosen for theinclusion of the appropriate excitation wavelength for a given pathogen.Camera 2150 has an optical filter between its lens and the scenetherebelow, with the optical properties of the filter being chosen toselectively pass the detection wavelength of a chosen pathogen.

A method of using the contaminant detection system 2000 will now bedescribed. Initially, the system is in a sleeping state, with anon-board CPU reading the output of the proximity sensor 2130 and themicrophone 2120. If the CPU detects any of, the sound of water throughthe sink, a nearby toilet flushing, or a nearby door opening, the deviceis placed into a “ready” state with the LEDs energized and the CPUreading the output of the camera. According to further embodiments ofthe present disclosure, the device is placed into a “ready” state whenthe proximity sensor 2130 detects a person or object in front of thedevice. According to further still embodiments of the presentdisclosure, the proximity sensor 2130 faces down towards the object tobe scanned rather than out towards a user.

Once the CPU detects, via the output of the camera 2150, that an objectis in the field of view, that object and its spectra are analyzed forthe presence of peaks for the selected contaminant(s). If the detectedlevel of contaminants is below a threshold passing value, the LEDindicator 2110 illuminates green indicating a passed test, and if thedetected level of contaminants is above the threshold value, the LEDindicator 2110 illuminates red, indicating a failed test and need to theuser to wash their hands again and re-scan.

Referring now to FIGS. 29 and 30 together, a pathogen detecting handdryer 3000 is shown. Pathogen detecting hand drier 3000 has an airoutlet tube 3005 from which hot air exits to affect drying. Theelectronic and mechanical elements which provide the dryingfunctionality for a hand dryer are disclosed for instance in U.S. Pat.No. 6,038,786 which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. Thesecomponents and their substantial equivalents shall be understood tocomprise a “drying module” which provides a flow of air to remove waterfrom the surface of a user's hands.

Further, there is a screen 3100, LEDs 3110, 3120, and 3130, a button3150, and a sensing module 3200. Sensing module 3200 has a LED bank 3210disposed on a downward face thereof, with the spectra of LED bank 3210being chosen to detect one or more pathogens. There is a digital camera3220 disposed upon sensing module 3200, with the digital camera havingan optical filter placed between the camera and the scene therebelow,and the filter material being chose to selectively pass the detectionwavelength of the appropriate pathogen or contaminant. There is a CPUwithin the body of the device which is electronically connected to theaforementioned components that provides software for controlling theirrespective functions.

A method of using a pathogen detecting hand drier 3000 will now bedescribed. Initially, the hand drier is provided in a first, waitingcondition with both the camera and drying module deactivated and waitingfor input from a user. When a user is ready to dry his hands, hedepresses button 3150 and places his hands directly below outlet tube3005. Both the drying module and sensing module are activated. Upon suchactivation, the drying module passes warm air out from outlet tube 3005and the LED bank 3210 is activated and the camera 3220 begins recordingthe scene. Upon the screen 3100, the CPU displays a near real-time viewof a user's hands with any detected contaminant highlighted. If the CPUdetects more contaminant than a permissible threshold, a “Failure”message is displayed upon the screen and LED 3120 is illuminated withred light and the user is urged to wash their hands again and repeat thescanning/drying process. If the CPU detects less contamination than apermissible threshold, a “Pass” message is displayed and LED 3120 isilluminated with a green light.

Referring now to FIGS. 31 and 32 together, a towel dispensing pathogendetection system is shown. The system has a generally integral enclosurehaving a paper towel dispensing module disposed therewithin. An exampleof a towel dispensing module is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,772,291which is incorporated by reference in its entirety and provides anexample of the mechanical and electronic structures which provide thefunction of dispensing a portion of paper towel when a user's hands areplaced therebelow. These features advance and eject a portion of papertowel from the bottom of the device, the leading end 4005 of which 4005is shown in the figures.

Further, there is a screen 4100, LEDs 4110, 4120, and 4130, a button4150, and a sensing module 4200. Sensing module 4200 has a LED bank 4210disposed on a downward face thereof, with the spectra of LED bank 4210being chosen to detect one or more pathogens. There is a digital camera4220 disposed upon sensing module 4200, with the digital camera havingan optical filter placed between the camera and the scene therebelow,and the filter material being chose to selectively pass the detectionwavelength of the appropriate pathogen or contaminant. There is a CPUwithin the body of the device which is electronically connected to theaforementioned components that provides software for controlling theirrespective functions.

A method of using a towel dispensing pathogen detection system 4000 willnow be described. Initially, the system is provided in a first, waitingcondition with both the camera and drying module deactivated and waitingfor input from a user. When a user is ready to dry his hands, he eitherdepresses button 4150 or places his hands directly the device,triggering a motion sensor which dispenses a portion of towel. Eitheraction activates the sensing module. Upon such activation, LED bank 4210is activated and the camera 4220 begins recording the scene. Upon thescreen 4100, the CPU displays a near real-time view of a user's hands orother object placed therebelow with any detected contaminanthighlighted. If the CPU detects more contaminant than a permissiblethreshold, a “Failure” message is displayed upon the screen and LED 4120is illuminated with red light and the user is urged to wash their handsagain and repeat the scanning/drying process. If the CPU detects lesscontamination than a permissible threshold, a “Pass” message isdisplayed and LED 4120 is illuminated with a green light.

Referring now to FIG. 33, a pathogen detecting presser bar 5100 isshown. Pathogen detecting presser bar 5100 is disposed upon a door 5003which is hinged within a doorframe 5002, and is in turn attached to awall 5001. There is a remote interface module 5300 disposed upon thewall 5001 near the doorframe 5002.

The pathogen detecting presser bar 5100 comprises a presser bar havingintegrated pathogen detecting elements as well as feedback elements toreport the results of the pathogen detection a user. Examples of themechanical components of presser bars that provide locking and unlockingfunctionality are disclosed for instance in U.S. Pat. No. 3,819,213 (alevel-style presser bar) and U.S. Pat. No. 6,000,733 (a panel-stylepresser bar) which are incorporated by reference herein in theirentirety. Presser bar 5100 has a pusher plate 5110 disposed on aproximal face thereof and positioned to be urged forward by a user. Uponthe pusher plate, there are disposed two detection cameras 5210(a and b)and two LED banks 5220(a and b). There is a proximity sensor 5150disposed near the center of the pusher plate 5110 and configured todetect the presence of a person in front of the door 5003.

As discussed previously in connection with other embodiments of thepresent invention, the output spectra of the LED banks and filteringcharacteristics of the cameras and their lenses are chosen to detect thepresence of certain pathogens on a surface disposed directly in front ofthe camera(s), including for instance a user's hands. The results ofthese scans are shown on an interface module 5300 disposed remotely fromthe presser bar 5100, including for instance upon a wall next to a dooras shown in FIG. 33. Interface module 5300 includes a housing having ascreen 5310 speaker 5320, and LEDs 5330 and 5340 protruding therefrom.There is a CPU disposed therein in electronic communication with theaforementioned components. Communication between the elements of thesystem disposed upon the door 5003 and the wall 5001 may be either wiredor wireless so long as it has sufficient bandwidth to affect thefunctionality of the given embodiment of the present invention.

A method of using the pathogen detecting presser bar 5100 will now bedescribed. As a user approaches the device, the proximity sensor 5150detects his presence and alerts the user that a scan must be passed inorder for the door to be unlocked. This “alert” is simultaneouslycommunicated via both speaker 5320 and screen 5310. Upon suchcommunication, the LED arrays 5220(A and b) are activated and the CPUactively begins reading the scene as recorded by the cameras 5210(a andb). The user is instructed, again via the screen 5310 and speaker 5320to move his hands into the field of view of the camera(s). Once thesurface of the user's hands has been imaged, the CPU displays upon thescreen the areas where the contaminant(s) is present. If the totalquantity of contaminant is below the allowable threshold, the screen andLEDs 5320 and 5330 communicate said information to the user and unlockthe door.

Referring now to FIG. 34, a door handle 6000 is shown. Door handle 6000comprises a door lever body 6005, with the body having an electricallyconductive proximal panel 6006, an electrically conductive distal panel6008, and an electrically insulating barrier 6007 therebetween. Panels6008 and 6009 are electronically connected so as to provide an inductivesensor for detecting the presence of a user's hand. There is a faceplate6100 for joining the assembly to a door. There is a camera 6200extending from the proximal face of panel 6006 as well as a detectionLED array 6310, a speaker 6320, and an indicator led 6330. A CPU andbattery are disposed within the body of the device and provideelectronic connectivity and control for the aforementioned parts.

A method of using door handle 6000 will now be described. Handle 6000 isprovided in a first condition where all of the sensors and displaysexcept for the capacitance sensor are in a resting/inactive state. Oncea user places his hand about the handle or sufficiently close thereto,the CPU reads a change in the state of the capacitance sensor. As aresult, the camera and detection LED array are activated and the sensorbegins reading the input from the camera. Audible alters from speakerinstruct the use to move his hand toward or away from the camera untilthe hands comes into focus and can be imaged. The distance of the handto the camera is determined by methods known in the arts, includingcontrast detection of the image recorded by the camera, output of thecapacitive sensor, or output of an additional proximity/distance sensor.Once a scan has been recorded, the CPU determines whether the amount ofcontaminant present is more or less than the allowable threshold andcommunicates that result to the user, including via the speaker or LEDs.According to certain further embodiments of the present disclosure,

Referring now to FIGS. 35 and 36 together, an identifying scanner 7000is device capable of simultaneously scanning a user's hands forcontaminants and identifying the user based on imaging of their hands.According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, scanner 7000includes a body 7100 having a screen 7200 disposed upon a first facethereof. Upon a second, generally downward oriented face, body 7100 hastwo imagers 7300 and 7400 and a light 7500, Imager 7300 is a combinationof digital camera having an optical bandpass filter disposed thereuponas well as an illumination means disposed therein configured asdescribed in the previous sections for the detection of pathogens on asurface, including specifically a user's hands. Imager 7400 is a digitalcamera configured to identify the given user by their hand shape, whilelight 7500 is configured to provide repeatable illumination for thechosen identification mechanism. There is a processor disposed withinthe body which provides communications between the imager(s) and thescreen as well as executes the contaminant detection and useridentification methods described in this document.

According to certain embodiments of the present disclosure, there is aproximity sensor disposed upon the bottom face of the device or frontface of the device so that the device is aware of when a user isstanding before it or has placed their hands thereunder.

In use, the device is mounted onto a wall, stand, armature, or cart withthe bottom surface between 20 and 50 inches from the floor such that auser may place their hands into the field of view of the imager(s) whilemaintaining line of sight to the screen 7200.

Referring now to FIG. 37, a method for implementing the identifying stepis shown. Initially, a photo is taken with imager 7400 and processed todetermine whether objects are present in the field of view. Forbackground removal, the device periodically takes images of the floordirectly below it so that said background may be effectively removedfrom scene. Once objects are detected in the field of view, an algorithmdetermines whether a hand shape has been detected checking for thegeneral outline of a thumb relative to four fingers. One method ofimplementing such detection is for instance counting the fingertipsrelative to the points on the palm where the fingers meet. Similarly,the algorithm then determines whether the hand is a right or left handand whether the palm is facing up or down. At each step, if the user hasoriented their hand incorrectly, they are instructed to re-orient intothe proper position and the process is repeated. Once the algorithm hasdetermined that it is seeing the palm of a right hand, featurerecognition commences.

In one embodiment of feature recognition includes a comparison of fingerlength ratios to a record of known ratios for existing users in adatabase. Another embodiment of feature recognition includes detectingthe shapes and outlines of cuticles and comparing those to known shapesin a user database. Another embodiment of feature detection includesusing near-infrared light from light 7500 to allow the imager 7400 todetect the pattern of veins in a user's hand and compare said pattern toa database of known users. According to a further embodiment, thefeature recognition identifies the software identifies the locations ofeach knuckle and fingertip, measures the distance therebetween for eachdigit on a hand and compares the ratios to a database of known ratios ofknown users. According to a further embodiment, the feature recognitionidentifies the shape and creases upon at least one knuckle and comparesthose to a database of known users. According to further embodiments ofthe present disclosure, a single imager is used for both the useridentification and contaminant detection steps.

Once the scanner 7000 has identified the user by their hand features,the imager 7300 is used to check the surface of a user's hands forcontaminants as previously described in this disclosure with the resultof the contaminant detection being paired with the user's identity asdetermined by the device.

While the preceding discussion focuses on the use of just the palm sideof the right hand, this is intended as a non-limiting embodiment. Thechoice of only one hand on one side is an optimization to minimize datastorage requirements as well as to maximize query speed when determiningthe identity of a user.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, imager 7400includes a temperature sensor or IR camera capable of determining therelative temperature of the objects places therebelow, to prevent thesystem from being fooled by the use of an artificial hand or an image ofone.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the systemasks the user to rotate his or her hands while the system monitors therotation via motion tracking of the camera output, thereby discouragingthe use of a photograph of another user's hand in identification.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the systemis capable of detecting skin tone, fingernail contrast, voiceidentification using a microphone, facial recognition using afront-facing scanner, or fingerprint scanning to augment the fidelity ofthe optical hand scanning means described herein.

According to further still embodiments of the present disclosure, thesystem is capable of reading a machine-readable identification card orbeacon carried by the user, including for instance a magnetic stripe,barcode, QR code, RFID tag, or other machine-readable technology knownin the arts.

In some embodiments, the device may integrate multiple wavelength peaksdetected to increase specificity (may view ratios). As progressionoccurs in improving sensitivity and specificity of detection, the devicemay include additional wavelengths for excitation and detection. Thesedetection wavelengths may be analyzed with separate thresholds, ortogether by thresholding a formulaic combination of the intensities. Thedevice may also choose to include a detection wavelength that does notspecifically fluoresce to serve as a “background emission” measurement.The device may also incorporate an overall RGB intensity as a control,as measured by a non-filtered standard camera lens.

In some embodiments, the device may detect additional contaminationsources in addition to fecal matter. It may have the ability to detectmultiple contamination points at one time, or to take multiple imagesand process them to indicate various sources of contamination. Someexamples of future detection include mycotoxins (Excitation at 780 nm,threshold the ratio of 475-550/400-475), Fungal Spores Ochratoxin A(Excitation 330-390 nm (356), threshold around 440-480 nm), andZearalenone (Excitation 780 nm, detection 385 nm). The combination ofdetection tools using visible light fluorescent spectroscopy wouldincrease the ability for the device to specify all contamination. Itwould continue to use the same hardware and software system indicated inthis patent, but would use the excitation and threshold ratios describedin this section [0027].

In some embodiments, the device can use trends to show management painpoints, problem locations, or employees. Some methods include:Implementation of employee IDs for tracking, Implementation of RFID fortracking, fingerprint or palm scanning authentication for tracking ofusers, targeted feedback at the end of a user session (i.e. number offailed checks, common locations of failed checks on hand or surface).

In some embodiments, the device can include the use of motion detectionor voice activation to make a hands free device. Some methods includemotion detection sensors implemented below device scanning location sothat when a hand is waved under the device (where scanning would occur)the software process can automatically begin creating a hands freeexperience, or a voice recognition software that would allow employeesto state their name or employee ID and would then begin the softwareprocess of scanning hands or surfaces, allowing again for a fully handsfree experience.

In some embodiments, the device can include automated correction (actiontaken when device notices a failure which requires implementation andtechnological communication with outside systems/devices. Some methodsinclude scanned items do not leave conveyor belt when a check is failed,door to kitchen does not open when a check is failed, noise/light alertsto management, text alerts to management systems.

In some embodiments, the device can increase user engagement throughactive display or visualization techniques. Some examples include 3DScanning of hands, objects, or surfaces to detect pain points in hard tovisualize locations, Implementation of 3D scanning existing technologiesfor a more detailed display, and ability to visualize precise, specificlocations (i.e., under fingernails). Other examples include the use ofVirtual Reality/Augmented Reality devices, the ability to visualizecontamination overlaid on actual surface through augmented realitytechnologies, and the use of virtual reality to see areas throughoutlocation with contamination.

In general, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art thatat least some of the embodiments described herein can be implemented inmany different embodiments of software, firmware, and/or hardware. Thesoftware and firmware code can be executed by a processor or any othersimilar computing device. The software code or specialized controlhardware that can be used to implement embodiments is not limiting. Forexample, embodiments described herein can be implemented in computersoftware using any suitable computer software language type, using, forexample, conventional or object-oriented techniques. Such software canbe stored on any type of suitable computer-readable medium or media,such as, for example, a magnetic or optical storage medium. Theoperation and behavior of the embodiments can be described withoutspecific reference to specific software code or specialized hardwarecomponents. The absence of such specific references is feasible, becauseit is clearly understood that artisans of ordinary skill would be ableto design software and control hardware to implement the embodimentsbased on the present description with no more than reasonable effort andwithout undue experimentation.

Moreover, the processes described herein can be executed by programmableequipment, such as computers or computer systems and/or processors.Software that can cause programmable equipment to execute processes canbe stored in any storage device, such as, for example, a computer system(nonvolatile) memory, an optical disk, magnetic tape, or magnetic disk.Furthermore, at least some of the processes can be programmed when thecomputer system is manufactured or stored on various types ofcomputer-readable media.

It can also be appreciated that certain portions of the processesdescribed herein can be performed using instructions stored on acomputer-readable medium or media that direct a computer system toperform the process steps. A computer-readable medium can include, forexample, memory devices such as diskettes, compact discs (CDs), digitalversatile discs (DVDs), optical disk drives, or hard disk drives. Acomputer-readable medium can also include memory storage that isphysical, virtual, permanent, temporary, semi-permanent, and/orsemi-temporary.

A “computer,” “computer system,” “host,” “server,” or “processor” canbe, for example and without limitation, a processor, microcomputer,minicomputer, server, mainframe, laptop, personal data assistant (PDA),wireless e-mail device, cellular phone, pager, processor, fax machine,scanner, or any other programmable device configured to transmit and/orreceive data over a network. Computer systems and computer-based devicesdisclosed herein can include memory for storing certain software modulesused in obtaining, processing, and communicating information. It can beappreciated that such memory can be internal or external with respect tooperation of the disclosed embodiments. The memory can also include anymeans for storing software, including a hard disk, an optical disk,floppy disk, ROM (read only memory), RAM (random access memory), PROM(programmable ROM), EEPROM (electrically erasable PROM) and/or othercomputer-readable media. Non-transitory computer-readable media, as usedherein, comprises all computer-readable media except for a transitory,propagating signals.

In various embodiments disclosed herein, a single component can bereplaced by multiple components and multiple components can be replacedby a single component to perform a given function or functions. Exceptwhere such substitution would not be operative, such substitution iswithin the intended scope of the embodiments. The computer systems cancomprise one or more processors in communication with memory (e.g., RAMor ROM) via one or more data buses. The data buses can carry electricalsignals between the processor(s) and the memory. The processor and thememory can comprise electrical circuits that conduct electrical current.Charge states of various components of the circuits, such as solid statetransistors of the processor(s) and/or memory circuit(s), can changeduring operation of the circuits.

Some of the figures can include a flow diagram. Although such figurescan include a particular logic flow, it can be appreciated that thelogic flow merely provides an exemplary implementation of the generalfunctionality. Further, the logic flow does not necessarily have to beexecuted in the order presented unless otherwise indicated. In addition,the logic flow can be implemented by a hardware element, a softwareelement executed by a computer, a firmware element embedded in hardware,or any combination thereof.

The foregoing description of embodiments and examples has been presentedfor purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to beexhaustive or limiting to the forms described. Numerous modificationsare possible in light of the above teachings. Some of thosemodifications have been discussed, and others will be understood bythose skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described inorder to best illustrate principles of various embodiments as are suitedto particular uses contemplated. The scope is, of course, not limited tothe examples set forth herein, but can be employed in any number ofapplications and equivalent devices by those of ordinary skill in theart. Rather it is hereby intended the scope of the invention to bedefined by the claims appended hereto.

We claim:
 1. A hand scanning hardware and software system, the systemcomprising; a first camera having an optical bandpass filter for passingthe emission wavelength of a contaminant, and a second camera havingoptical filters for the visible spectrum used by the system foridentifying the relevant geometric property of the hand; a light sourcehaving an output spectra containing the excitation wavelength of thecontaminant; a cpu; software running on the CPU operatively configuredto detect the presence of a hand in the field of view of either camera,correlate at least one geometric property of the hand observed by thesecond camera to the identity of a user, activate the light source,detect the presence of emission spectra upon the hand using the secondcamera, correlate the result of the detection step with the result ofthe correlation step, thereby pairing the scan result with the identifyof a user.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein there is a second cameraused by the system for identifying the relevant geometric property ofthe hand.
 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the geometric property ischosen from at least one of overall outline, fingernail contours, veinpatterns, finger proportions, and palm lines.
 4. The system of claim 1,wherein there is a second input used for identification of the userselected from at least one of voice identification, imaging of all or aportion of the user's face, machine readable tags such as barcodes,magnetic strips, RFID, Bluetooth, or wireless badges.
 5. The system ofclaim 4, wherein the second input is paired with hand scan data to trainan Al towards identifying a user using only the geometric property ofhis hand.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first camera records andstores a ‘baseline image’ of the scene therebelow and applies imageprocessing of that scene to reduce noise when scanning a users' hands.7. A hand scanning hardware and software system, the system comprising;at least one camera and two selectively engageable optical filters, afirst filter for passing spectra associated with the reflectanceproperties of contaminants and a second filter for passing spectra thatare detect features associated with with determining user identify; ,thereby providing a first configuration wherein the first filter isengaged and the system is configured for detecting contaminants, and asecond configuration wherein the second filter is disengaged and thesystem is configured for imaging hands for identification.
 8. A methodfor evaluating the hand cleanliness of a person, the method comprising;providing an optical hand scanner having two cameras, with a firstcamera configured for identifying a user by means of hand geometry and asecond camera for detecting contamination by means of reflectance ofcertain pathogens, a CPU, and light emitter capable of exciting andoptically detecting at least one contaminant on surfaces therebelow;providing at least one hand of a user to be imaged; imaging the user'shand to identify geometric properties which correlate to that user'sidentity; activating the emitter; imaging the hand; detecting theemission wavelength of the contaminant; correlating the scan data to theresult of the identification step.
 9. The system of claim 7, wherein thecontaminant is one of the following; mucus having an excitationwavelength of 415 nm and emission wavelength of 555 nm, blood havingexcitation wavelengths of 395, 417, and 435 nm and and an absence ofemission at the excitation wavelengths, peanut oil having an excitationwavelength of 360 nm and primary emission wavelength of 428 nm andsmaller emission wavelength of 675 nm, gluten having an excitationwavelength of 1150-1550 nm and emission wavelength of 1200 and 425 nm,milk having an excitation wavelength from 800-1100 nm and detectableabsorption at 930 and 970 nm, spores having an excitation wavelength of370 nm and a emission wavelength between 450 and 500 nm, peanut skinhaving an excitation wavelength of 330 nm flattening absorption near 430nm in place of an emission wavelength, pollen having an excitationwavelength of 370 nm and a emission wavelength at 420 nm, 465 nm, and560 nm, grass pollen having an excitation wavelength of 370 nm and aemission wavelength at 675-680 nm, Candida having an excitationwavelength of 460 nm and a emission wavelength of 530, aflatoxin havingan excitation wavelength at 370 and emission wavelength at 428, 415, and450-500 nm, saliva having an excitation wavelength at 282 nm and aemission wavelength at 345-355 nm, dark hair having an excitationwavelength of 290 and 366 nm and emission wavelengths of 434 and 433 nm,light hair having an excitation wavelength of 292 and 378 nm andemission wavelength of 448 and 337 nm, Aspergillus niger indicative ofspoilage having an excitation wavelength of 410 nm and an emissionwavelength of 500 nm, and fecal contamination having an excitationwavelength of 420 nm and emission wavelengths of 675 and 635 nm.
 10. Thesystem of claim 1, wherein the contaminant is one of the following;mucus having an excitation wavelength of 415 nm and emission wavelengthof 555 nm, blood having excitation wavelengths of 395, 417, and 435 nmand and an absence of emission at the excitation wavelengths, peanut oilhaving an excitation wavelength of 360 nm and primary emissionwavelength of 428 nm and smaller emission wavelength of 675 nm, glutenhaving an excitation wavelength of 1150-1550 nm and emission wavelengthof 1200 and 425 nm, milk having an excitation wavelength from 800-1100nm and detectable absorption at 930 and 970 nm, spores having anexcitation wavelength of 370 nm and a emission wavelength between 450and 500 nm, peanut skin having an excitation wavelength of 330 nmflattening absorption near 430 nm in place of an emission wavelength,pollen having an excitation wavelength of 370 nm and a emissionwavelength at 420 nm, 465 nm, and 560 nm, grass pollen having anexcitation wavelength of 370 nm and a emission wavelength at 675-680 nm,Candida having an excitation wavelength of 460 nm and a emissionwavelength of 530, aflatoxin having an excitation wavelength at 370 andemission wavelength at 428, 415, and 450-500 nm, saliva having anexcitation wavelength at 282 nm and a emission wavelength at 345-355 nm,dark hair having an excitation wavelength of 290 and 366 nm and emissionwavelengths of 434 and 433 nm, light hair having an excitationwavelength of 292 and 378 nm and emission wavelength of 448 and 337 nm,Aspergillus niger indicative of spoilage having an excitation wavelengthof 410 nm and an emission wavelength of 500 nm, and fecal contaminationhaving an excitation wavelength of 420 nm and emission wavelengths of675 and 635 nm.
 11. The system of claim 7, wherein the second filter isan optical filter for passing the near-infrared region.
 12. The systemof claim 7, wherein the second filter is an optical filter for passingthe visible light region similar to consumer digital cameras.
 13. Thesystem of claim 7, wherein the second filter is an optical filter forpassing the infrared region.